Satellite constellations, like SpaceX’s Starlink, provide internet to remote areas and send data across oceans quickly. Now, satellites carry computers to process data in space. Onboard computing lets satellites monitor the environment, track objects, or support smart farming instantly.
However, managing computing and communication in these fast-moving networks is hard. Researchers at Singapore University of Technology and Design developed two algorithms to solve this. These algorithms use a temporal graph model, which maps the changing network, to schedule tasks efficiently.
The researchers have described the methods and results of this study in a paper published in IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.
How the algorithms work and their benefits
The first algorithm, called k-shortest path-based or KSP, focuses on communication. It finds clear paths for data transfer and checks if computing resources are available. The second, called computing-aware shortest path or CASP, starts with computing needs. It picks satellites with enough computing power, then finds the best communication paths, even if they twist. KSP works well when computing is plentiful but communication is limited. CASP shines when computing resources are scarce. Operators choose the best method for their network.
Simulations using Starlink’s network proved these algorithms support real-time tasks in tough conditions. They cut delays, boost network strength, and handle more tasks. These methods could speed up disaster monitoring or global logistics tracking. The researchers noted that services like remote sensing or smart farming need satellites to collect, process, and deliver data in seconds. These algorithms make that possible, helping industries and communities worldwide.
The researchers plan to improve their algorithms for multi-satellite computing and use machine learning for better resource management. They also aim to support future 6G network standards. With over 70% of Earth lacking reliable internet, satellite constellations can bridge this gap. These algorithms help satellites provide communication anywhere, anytime, connecting people globally.